Tampilkan postingan dengan label Mari Belajar Bahasa Mandarin Online. Tampilkan semua postingan

Kamis, 23 Desember 2010

How to Learn the Urdu Alphabet

By Mark Keller, eHow Contributor

Urdu is a language widely spoken in southeast Asia, and is an official language of both Pakistan and India. It has an alphabet descended from Arabic and Turkish script, and is read from right to left. Though the Urdu alphabet may look difficult to learn at first, you can teach it to yourself in only a few weeks using free resources found online.

Familiarize yourself with the shapes and sounds of the Urdu alphabet. Read through Hugo's Urdu Alphabet Pages and watch the Urdu Alphabet Jingle on YouTube.
Print out the graphical chart on the Wikipedia page about the Urdu alphabet. It contains both the Urdu characters and their names in the Roman alphabet. Study the chart and hang it someplace where you'll see it often.
Read the detailed notes about the Urdu alphabet on the Columbia.edu website. The articles there explain how to recognize and pronounce each character of the alphabet.
Practice writing the characters of the alphabet, saying their names and sounds as you do so. This will greatly aid you in your memorization. You can use the free online tool U-TRANS to help you.
Find some text written in Urdu and try to read it. Even if you do not understand the Urdu language, you can decipher the sound of each word by saying the sound made by the characters in it. This will be a slow process at first, but over time you will become more skilled at reading the Urdu alphabet.

How to Learn Urdu Writing

By Jennifer L. Potts, eHow Contributor

updated: September 14, 2010

Studying with a partner can help you learn another language.

More than 104 million people speak Urdu as a primary and a secondary language in the world. It serves as the national language of Pakistan and numerous other other countries speak Urdu as well, including India, Nepal, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Germany, Fiji, Thailand and Norway. To learn Urdu writing, just knowing how to say and sound out Urdu words won't be enough. It takes extra time to study an alphabet that uses a completely different set of symbols than English.

Utilize organized language learning materials to learn Urdu. Look for a class at a local college or university, purchase a how-to book or utilize online resources, that offer lessons in the language. Omniglot.com also offers a list of books that can help you learn the language.
Practice reading and writing the Perso-Arabic alphabet. This alphabet has different symbols than the English alphabet. Work on reading and writing each symbol until you know them by heart.
Read things in Urdu. Once you have a general grasp of the language, reading the language helps to cement it in your mind. Online resources that offer informative articles and stories written in Urdu can be found through the British Broadcast Corporation's website and the official website of the Government of Pakistan.
Purchase an Urdu dictionary. This will help you learn the language just like the American dictionary helped you learn English. When you come across a word you don't know, look it up and try to use the word yourself in a different sentence. Online Urdu dictionaries are available through sites like UrduWord.com and Urduseek.com.
Talk with someone who speaks Urdu. Talking with someone who already speaks the language can help you fine-tune your language skills, as well as your Urdu pronunciation.

How to Learn Urdu Script

By Leyla Norman, eHow Contributor

updated: December 11, 2010

Urdu is spoken widely in Pakistan and India, among other countries.

Urdu is spoken as a first and second language by about 104 million people around the world, according to Omniglot.com. It is the national language of Pakistan, and many of its words are derived from Arabic, though it is also related to Hindi. Urdu's script is read from right to left, and it is uses a form of the Perso-Arabic script. Free online resources can help you learn the Urdu script so you can move on to building your knowledge of Urdu vocabulary and grammatical structure.

Difficulty: Moderately Challenging

Copy an Urdu alphabet chart from the Internet. Columbia University's Professor Frances Pritchett has a web page for Urdu that has one such chart, and Omniglot.com offers a more detailed image on its Urdu page (see References and Resources). Copy this chart regularly onto your own paper by hand, remembering to work from right to left.
Learn the names of the letters as you write them. Repeat the sounds they make after you say the name.
Study the methods to connect the letters. Columbia University's Urdu page has a lesson on this. Hugo's Urdu Alphabet Pages website provides charts to show how to form letters by themselves, at the beginning, in the middle of and at the end of a word (see Resources). This will help you see the different forms letters can take in different parts of a word.
Learn the diacritical marks used in Urdu. These will help you to read and pronounce Urdu correctly. A helpful tutorial is located on the Ukindia Urdu website (see Resources).
Write words from Urdu texts. Some online Urdu news sites and other sources of online Urdu text are available on the Omniglot.com Urdu web page. Sound out the words as you write them.

How to Learn Urdu on the Internet

By Khalidah Tunkara, eHow Contributor

Urdu, which is spoken in several countries, including Pakistan, India and the U.S., originated as a dialect of Turkish phonetics. To learn Urdu online, all that is needed is a few minutes spent each day learning the language and a motivation to apply the language in everyday conversation with other Urdu speakers.

Difficulty: Moderate

Visit an online Urdu tutorial site to start your lessons. There are a host of sites that specialize in teaching the language and won't charge any fees. One such site, word2word.com, offers a free course in Urdu as well as other language courses.
Get a tape recorder to record yourself speaking. This will allow you to hear what you sound like to others and can be a great way to catch your language errors quickly. Most language sites offer a pronunciation tool so you can hear what a word or sentence should sound like. But nothing is better than hearing your own voice for corrections.
Practice writing down all the alphabets of the Urdu language from right to left. Since Urdu's language structure is similar to Arabic's (it is written from right to left instead of left to right), it may be easy to learn if you are already familiar with Arabic or any other language that has the same structure.
Practice speaking some of the letters with a mirror or with someone online, via a webcam, who speaks the Urdu language. This will allow you to see how your mouth should be formed while speaking and help you attain the correct voice and inflection for certain words.
Keep a journal of Urdu letters and try to see how many words you can find when visiting cultural exhibits, grocery stores and other places where the language is spoken or on display. Be aware that Urdu has some words that may not be found in English. Therefore, it is important to avoid substitutions. Rehearse conversations with a native speaker.

How to Learn Urdu Online

By Heather Topham Wood, eHow Contributor

Urdu is the national language of Pakistan, and there are over 100 million Urdu speakers worldwide. Much of the language is a combination of Persian and Arabic, including Urdu script, which has been around for centuries. If you desire to learn Urdu, you can find numerous online sites and downloadable software programs to help you master the language.

Difficulty: Moderate

Become familiar with the Urdu alphabet. The Omniglot website has a printable sheet with the Urdu alphabet and numerals.
Study common phrases and vocabulary. Download free online language software that translates from English to Urdu. The Byki website has dozens of packages available, including the free Urdu Lite application. Although you will have to purchase the full version in order to access the complete lesson plan, the Lite version has enough features to teach you some basic vocabulary and phrases commonly used in Urdu.
Move on to more advanced Urdu language lessons. The website of Syracuse University posts free lessons for those interested in learning Hindi or Urdu. These lessons will extend your vocabulary as well as instruct on compound verbs, pronouns and other grammatical rules used in Urdu. In order to understand these lessons, you need to be familiar with the Urdu script.
Take part in an online language exchange program. Some online sites offer a chance to learn and practice Urdu by using the language in everyday situations. For example, sign up on My Language Exchange to find an Urdu language partner. You will have the option to email, voice chat or text chat with your partner.

How to Easily Learn Urdu

By Leyla Norman, eHow Contributor

Urdu is mainly spoken in Pakistan.

According to Learning Language Advisor, Urdu is a very close relative of the Hindi language, and they are both spoken by about 600 million people in South Asia today. Urdu is spoken mainly in Pakistan. Urdu is also distantly related to European languages, and some of its features, therefore, resemble those of European languages.

If you want to learn Urdu, you will need to spend many hours studying the language. However, you can learn Urdu by using engaging study methods and teaching tools. This will make the learning process more fun and less cumbersome than merely studying a book.

Difficulty: Moderately Challenging

Things You'll Need:

English-Urdu/Urdu-English dictionary
Urdu grammar book
Instructions

Learn Arabic alphabet and numbers. Urdu in written in the Arabic script, and it is read and written from right to left. The UK India website offers free beginning Urdu writing lessons online.
Build your vocabulary in Urdu by learning common words and phrases. Utilize YouTube to help you learn Urdu. There are many instructional Urdu videos available. When you watch the videos, you will be able to hear the words being spoken. Also, you'll often see the words written in Urdu, and sometimes even the person speaking them. Search for "learn Urdu" on the YouTube website.

Pause the videos occasionally and repeat the words you are learning. Rewind each video and play it back to hear words again.
Listen to and read Urdu as much as possible. Read and listen to the news in Urdu daily online. For example, the BBC News website allows you to read the news in Urdu. Plan on spending time everyday reading and listening to the language.
Join an online language exchange such as My Language Exchange to practice your speaking and writing skills in Urdu. You can chat via text and with audio to an Urdu speaker who wants to learn English. You can also exchange emails in Urdu. Ask your conversation partner to correct your grammar and to help you build your vocabulary when you talk together. Meet regularly so that you get plenty of practice producing the language.
Hire a private Urdu tutor. Once you reach a plateau in learning Urdu, a private tutor will help you target specific areas of the language you need to improve with personalized lessons.

How to Learn Urdu for Kids

Urdu is spoken in Pakistan and India.

Around 150 million people around the world speak Urdu. The language, spoken mainly in Pakistan and India, is spoken as a first language by about 60 million people. (See Reference 1.) Resources are available for parents who wish their children to speak Urdu, even if they do not speak the language themselves. Encourage your children to pick up a new language by using a variety of learning material that will engage and interest them.

Instructions

- Purchase an Urdu DVD course for children. These interactive, creative lessons are designed for young learners. The My Desi Guru line of Urdu DVDs for children includes multiple lessons. Also watch free Urdu lessons for children on YouTube. Search for "Urdu for kids."
- Hire an online Urdu tutor for your children. Basic computer knowledge is required to operate online tutoring software, but many tutoring companies have technical support available during lessons. Urdu Reading is one such online Urdu tutoring service, and it works with children. If you hire an individual online tutor from a site such as EduFire or ForteMall, be sure that the tutor is willing and able to work with children. (See Resources 1, 2, and 3.)
  
  Another option is to find an Urdu tutor in your community who is willing to come to your home or meet with your child in a public place.
- Invest in an online teaching program that will teach your children Urdu. Students log in and complete material for a particular lesson in Urdu on Urdu at Home. This site also has Urdu learning materials such as flash cards and Urdu language learning CDs available for purchase. Download free Urdu worksheets as well from this site.
- Seek out Urdu classes for children at your local Pakistani or Indian cultural center. These cultural community centers may hold classes for children.

Sabtu, 06 November 2010

PENDAHULUAN

salam kawan -kawan ..

kali ini saya akan mulai membahas pelajaran bahasa Mandarin,

dewasa ini bahasa Mandarin sangat dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan dunia seiring era globalisasi, Bahasa Mandarin merupakan bahasa internasional kedua setelah bahasa Inggris, untuk itu perlulah kita pelajarinya..

untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pelajar dan orang-orang yang berminat untuk belaajr bahasa Mandarin , aku dengan dasar pendidikan Bahasa Mnadarin [ketika di SMA dan Kuliah D1 Bahasa Mandarin] dan pengalaman mengajar [walaupun Cuma sebantar] memberanikan diri untuk berbagi ilmu dalam blog ini, dan aku harap dapat bermanfaat bagi semua..

bahasa mandarin sebenarnya terdiri dari beberapa bahasa yaitu : kanton, hokkien [bahasa Mandarin daerah, biasa digunakan di Singapore] , go,ke [biasanya digunakan orang-oranng keturunan cina di pulau Sumatra], dll.

Namun Bahasa Mandarin yang saya akan bahas adalah Bahasa Mandarin sederhana yang biasa digunakan orang Cina,,

metode pelajarannya saya ambil dari beberapa buku yang saya pelajari, setiap 1 kali tulisan/posting yang saya buat akan berisi 1pelajaran, beberapa kosakata dan mungkin nanti diselingi beberapa latihan..

bissmillah..

semoga bermanfaat ..

Bahasa Mandarin [Hanyu]

Dalam belajar Bahasa Mandarin [Hanyu] memiliki 2 jenis huruf yaitu:

Hanyu Hanzi : aksara mandarin

Hanyu Pinyin : ejaan dalam tulisan latin

Konsonan "hanyu pinyin"

b (pe)	p (pe)	m(me)	f(fe)
d(te)	t(the)	n(ne)	l(le)
g(ke)	k(khe)	h(he)
j(CI)	q(qhi)	x(si)
zh(ce)	sh(che)	sh(she)	r (je)

Konsonan "hanyu pinyin" tambahan :

y( ye)

w(we)

Vokal Tunggal "Hanyu Pinyin"

a	dibaca dengan laval a atau e
o	dibaca dengan laval o atau u
e	dibaca dengan laval e atau e
i	dibaca dengan laval I atau e
u	dibaca dengan laval u, I, atau e
u	dibaca dengan laval I panjang

Vokal Rangkap "Hanyu pInyin"

ai ei ao ou an en un in

ia ie iao iu ang eng ong(ung) ing iong(iung)

ua uo ue(ie) uai ui(uei) uan uang ian(ien) iang er(el)

Konsonan

b(pe)	p(phe)	m(me)	f(fe)
zh(ce)	ch(che)	sh(she)	r(je)
g(ke)	k(khe)	h(he)
j (ci)	q(chi)	x(si)
z(ce)	c(che)	s(se)
zh(ce)	ch(che)	sh(she)	r(je)

Catatan :

Huruf dalam ( ) adalah cara membaca dengan laval Indonesia